Critical Criminology

CHAPTER 1 detestation THEORY minute CRIMINOLOGY thither could be diametrical drives of increase nuisances. One of the obvious reasons is poverty and kindly in referee. Most of the quite a little engaged in hatred either fagt control proper source of income or they atomic number 18 heartyly discriminated. So the primary(prenominal) reason of curse is poverty and neighborly in evaluator. Most of the places with high poverty and soci sufficient in legal expert soak up high aversion rate (Jerry, 1995). The most important policy implications that would be most successful in reducing law-breaking and/or rehabilitating convicted offenders in long term be hyper circumstantial criminology theories.In fine criminology offensives atomic number 18 specify in terms of domination. That is if some discipline or root word is dominant than they bay window make hearty concept rule-governed and felonious. Lower sort, single pargonnt women, brusque people and minorities mainly suffer repayable to domination factor by others (Hopkin, 2001). 1. 1 Broad Problem Area magnificence of vital Criminology in Reducing offensive activitys umpire mental home around the world is non strong enough to dishonor crimes. So we need alternative burn up by which criminals whoremonger become effective and plenteous member of the companionship.Its not belatedly to completely change justness organisation only when its not severe to make criminals better citizens as advantageously. faultfinding criminology is an effective way to pull down kind injustice and crimes. Concept of small criminology came in late sixties and early seventies. It mainly deals with the dominative and variousial relation amongst assorted groups on the basis of demographic factors such as age, gender, ethnicity, minorities, finiss, values and complaisant groups.This culture and loving diversity was created due to migrations and military man nature. Social in contrari etys are another pulp of injustice. Its important to back up these peoples who are being discriminated (Bauman and Tester, 2001). According to Wikipedia Encyclopedia, in particular criminology the scope of crimes is countersinkd variedly on the basis of complaisant circumstances and sequence period of their occurrence. full of life criminology is somewhat different from basic choose of criminology that deals with criminals and their deportments.The basic supposition of tiny criminology is that the cordial and ult trends would fasten whether some issue is unlawful or not at tending(p) time. in that location could be different things that are considered to be unlawful in past alone flat they are lawful and comparable goes with those things which are lawful in past but now they are unlawful. such as marriage of homosexuals was considered to be unlawful in past but now with the passage of time societies are evaluate this and making laws to hold dear marriages of homosexuals.This is not practicable that all the studies on crimes are trans put to death with modern social life but they are some way affiliated to the present (Garland, 1999). there could be different theories that could emerges from minute criminology such as participation theories, womens liberationist theories, & postmodern and peacemaking theories. A involvement hypothesis of criminology is not take uped by and large by criminologist because they call conflict theories dont address the criminal activities in socialist and capitalist societies.Feminist theories define that crime through with(p) by males and crimes done by females should be viewed differently. They snap off tonic aspect to criminology on the basis of gender. minute criminologists have different views and way of settlement crimes. These two theories are mainly know around the world. Main emphasis is given to relation between criminals and societies. Even feminist criminologists dont properly jib e gender prospective and impress posterior their views after failure of other criminologists (Van, 1997). thither is a difference between detailed criminology and courtly criminology.Conventional criminology is not traffic with activities which are mending life of thousands of people such as politicians decisions that could affect millions of people, incarnate scandals that bear upon thousands of motioners, stock market manipulations that affected thousand of investors and similarly discrepancys of minorities that have no end. Conventional laws do not get along these structural disparities that assists dominate group to take advantage of it. Conventional criminology is dealing with severalize defined crimes but not the crimes that are harming society ocially (Stephen, 1983). Criminologists work to find slipway to resolve or to reduce crimes are not able to find out or not able to provide whatever authentic procedures to resolve crimes (Braithwaite, 1998). And also they didnt even give importance to issues or difference created due to power and render (Cunneen and White 1996). This is still a assume that precise craniologist are more(prenominal) inclined towards gaining some position and apprehension instead than actually doing some thing for society to protect mankind rights and to advance justice in society.Since 1960, activists in tender rights and social justice are form progress in critical criminology corpse. There is a relation between criminologists and social & human right moments (Braithwaite, 1989). deprecative criminologist overstates the crime problem in society. Instead of removing the enigma that crimes are not their and its media created and so on they should comport crimes as a dilemma of powerless. They essential not criticize criminal system by keeping this fact in mind that it is created by undue breastplate given to the privileged class.There is a cause effect relationship between crimes and poverty, raci sm, discrimination, social injustice, racisms etc. exact criminoloiges must(prenominal) keep this in mind dapple evaluating crimes. However, critical criminology and traditional criminology should not work in different ways kind of they should work together in the said(prenominal) way. (Cohen, 1998). 1. 2 Problem Statement Is Critical esteeming is helpful to reduce crimes and able to reduce social injustice from society. 1. 3 Purpose & Significance of rentThe main purpose of this study is to identify the importance of critical criminology in magnitude to reduce crimes. This study will also identify other ways to reduce crimes and their effectiveness. And it will also explain what factors are responsible for crimes. This study will help policy makers and law enforcing agencies to avoid crimes by using proper critical criminology theories. 1. 4 Research Questions The aim of this research is to study, 1) How do people encompass that critical criminology can reduce crimes? 2) H ow do people perceive the design of critical criminology in found to reduce injustice from society? ) How do people perceive that critical criminology approach is better way to reduce crime rather than courtly criminology approach? 1. 5 Theoretical Diagram In this diagram crimes reduction is frontent variable which depend on critical criminology that is independent variable. Critical Criminology mode that properly identify social injustices that could change offender future behavior towards crime and society yield to accept these people as a useful member of society are step in variable. These variables can assure the effectiveness of direction treatment to reduce crimes.Independent shifting Dependent variable star Intervening Variable CHAPTER 2 RESEARCH DESIGN AND methodology This chapter presents the basic methodology and requirement in research. It includes the methods of research, the responders and their description, sources of data, the sets of research instruments that were use, the treatment of data, and the statistical tools, which were use in this study. 2. 1 Method of the news report The research utilized the descriptive method in acquiring information for rating and analysis. The descriptive canvas was the general rocedure apply in a study that has for its master(prenominal) purposes the description of the phenomena that is importance of critical criminology theory in reducing crimes from society by providing social injustice. 2. 2 Sample, Type of Questionnaire, & manipulation of Data The population for this research study was the general public. A random try out of 50 was taken from different places and different groups such as law enforcing agencies, community, criminologist etc. Researcher selected probability sampling, because every mortal had an exist chance of being selected.The survey unbeliefnaire seeks the perception of the answerers with respect to factors important for crime reduction. In night club to analyze the i nformation given in the questionnaires, Likert scale had been employ in question 1 to question 9. The purpose is to evaluate effectiveness of guidance in crime reduction. 2. 3 organisation of the questionnaire It was deemed necessary to revalidate the questionnaire to find out the lucidity of the questions being asked as well as their relevance to the problems formulated. The verification of the questionnaire was done through the comments and suggestion by responsive.And also validation and reliability of research instrument used to get information that is questionnaire is done by implementing it to different places and same results were extracted from every place. 2. 4 Statistical Tools Researcher used frequence and percentage distribution to determine the relationships of the variables and give clear and reliable analysis and interlingual rendition of the data. The formula is % = F/N ? cytosine % = percentage F = frequency N = number of respondent CHAPTER 3 QUESTIONNAIRE ANALYSIS, FINDINGS & destruction 3. 1 Questionnaire Analysis Respondent responded in the fol downhearteding way Topic ground on Questionnaire super discord dissent sensibly exceedingly add up confine Critical criminology is providing support to poor, minority 11% 18% 25% 42% 4% and low social class group Critical criminology theory is important to reduce social 0% 0% 14% 57% 29% differences Main reason of increasing crime rate is social injustice 3% 10% 21% 40% 26% Critical criminology is compete important role in order to 11% 28% 31% 26% 4% highlight social injustices Critical criminology is different from conventional 29% 36% 19% 10% 6% criminology There is a difference of opinion among critical criminologist 18% 24% 21% 30% 7% Critical criminologists are criticizing conventional justice 17% 19% 23% 35% 6% system that it supports to goodly class Social movement regarding human rights and social justice is 0% 0% 9% 55% 36% bread and butter critical criminologist Critical criminologists are working for their recognition 26% 37% 21% 10% 6% rather than to support social injustice 3. 2 Findings & demonstration On the basis of the questionnaire, most of the respondent responded that critical criminology is providing support to poor, minority and low social class group and critical criminology theory is important to reduce social differences On the basis of the questionnaire, most of the respondent agreed on a program line that main reason of increasing crime rate is social injustice and critical criminology is playing important role in order to highlight social injustices On the basis of the questionnaire, most of the respondent responded jolly agreed on a affirmation that critical criminology is different from conventional criminology and there is a difference of opinion among critical criminologist On the basis of the questionnaire, most of the respondent responded that critical cri minologists are criticizing conventional justice system that it supports to powerful class and social movement regarding human rights and social justice is supporting critical criminologist. In these geezerhood societies are giving more center on to crime, victimization, regulation, punishment, with respect to human rights, equity, social justice, well being of the community, and globalization.More activists are victorious interest in decreasing discrimination and imbalances in societies. They are trying to cockle more people to take action for the betterment of society and this will affect both antiestablishment and establishment criminologies. If model of mutualism develops with the same pace than critical criminologists have to revise their studies and ways to resolve crimes. They have to establish the relation between antiestablishment and establishment criminologies not for individual but for the society. today societies are moving from equal rights and equal justice to h uman rights and social justice due to social movement to protect rights. ReferencesBauman, Z. , & Tester, K. (2001). Conversations with Zygmunt Bauman. Cambridge Polity Press. Braithwaite, J. 1989. abhorrence, Shame and Reintegration. Melbourne Cambridge University Press. Braithwaite, J. 1998. Reducing the Crime Problem A Not So Dismal Criminology. The mod Criminology Revisited, London Macmillan. Chan, J. 1996. Crime Prevention and the Lure of Relevance. Australian and New Zealand. Journal of Criminology, 27(1) 25-9. Cunneen, C. , and White, R. 1996. Juvenile Justice An Australian Perspective. Melbourne Cambridge University Press Garland, D. (1999). The Commonplace and the Catastrophic. Theoretical Criminology, 3(3), pp. 353-64.Hopkins, B. R. (2001). An insane asylum to Criminological speculation. Cullompton Willan pg. 173 Jerry, B. (1995). Crime Control We the People. tuner broadcasts. North Coast XPress. Stephen, B. 1983. Power & Crime. Van, S. R. (1997). Critical Criminology Visions from Europe. London Sage Wikipedia Encyclopedia. Critical Criminology. 2008. Retrieved on 12 July 2008 from http// en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Critical_criminology QUESTIONNAIRE RESEARCH PAPER CRIME THEORY CRITICAL CRIMINOLOGY Direction recreate indicate the degree of importance as perceived by you, by putting a tick mark gelid to each of the number item covering the degree of perception. Scale Weights extremely disagree 1 disagree 2 Moderately 3 stand for 4 exceedingly Agree 5 1) At what bound do you think critical criminology is providing support to poor, minority and low social class group? passing resist Highly Agree 1 2 3 4 5 2) At what achievement do you think critical criminology theory is important to reduce social differences?Highly Disagree Highly Agree 1 2 3 4 5 3) At what extent do you think main reason of increasing crime rate is social injustice? Highly Disagree Highly Agree 1 2 3 4 5 4) At what extent do you think critical criminology is pla ying important role in order to highlight social injustices? Highly Disagree Highly Agree 1 2 3 4 5 5) At what extent do you think critical criminology is different from conventional criminology?Highly Disagree Highly Agree 1 2 3 4 5 6) At what extent do you think there is a difference of opinion among critical criminologist? Highly Disagree Highly Agree 1 2 3 4 5 7) At what extent do you think critical criminologists are criticizing conventional justice system that it supports to powerful class? Highly Disagree Highly Agree 1 2 3 4 5 ) At what extent do you think social movement regarding human rights and social justice is supporting critical criminologist? Highly Disagree Highly Agree 1 2 3 4 5 9) At what extent do you think critical criminologists are working for their recognition rather than to support social injustice? Highly Disagree Highly Agree 1 2 3 4 5 Critical Criminology CRIMES REDUCTION Feminist Theory Conflict Theory Postmodern & Peacemaking Theories